Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) is classified as a possible human carcinogen by IARC and 'reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen' by the National Toxicology Program, leading to bans or restrictions in the EU and California, while still 'generally recognized as safe' (GRAS) by the FDA in the US. Potassium bromate, a flour improver, is also banned in the EU due to cancer risk concerns but permitted in the US.