Ethereum's journey began with its initial launch, codenamed Frontier, in July 2015 [25, 32]. A significant step towards Proof-of-Stake was the launch of the Beacon Chain in December 2020, which ran parallel to the mainnet and laid the groundwork for future upgrades [6, 8, 25]. The most impactful milestone was The Merge in September 2022, which saw the mainnet integrate with the Beacon Chain, completing the transition to Proof-of-Stake [12, 13, 17, 20, 25].