Government fiscal (spending, transfers) and monetary (interest rates) policies significantly shape recovery, with fiscal transfers potentially leading to welfare gains for low-wealth households, while monetary easing can prevent deflation but have minimal GDP impact [22, 24]. However, these policies can also contribute to K-shaped recoveries by disproportionately benefiting certain sectors or income groups, for instance, through asset appreciation [1, 2, 14, 21, 25].