The Mechanism: From Dislocation Movement to Nanoscale Twinning

In standard body-centered cubic (BCC) metals, plasticity relies on the movement of 'dislocations'—tiny defects that allow atomic layers to shift. At -253°C, these dislocations become locked, causing brittleness; the studied alloys bypass this by triggering 'nanoscale twinning', where crystal sections rearrange into mirror-image patterns to accommodate external stress.

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