Historically, crewed spaceflight missions have faced common technical hurdles leading to delays or aborts: propulsion and engine malfunctions (e.g., Space Shuttle main engine shutdown, Starliner thruster failures), leaks (such as the recent Dragon spacecraft leak, Starliner helium leak, or Soyuz MS-22 coolant leak), and software or computer glitches (like those encountered by Starliner or Space Shuttle General Purpose Computer failures).